Ukraine

28 July 2025

Russian authorities are threatening Ukrainian residents living in occupied areas of Donetska, Khersonska, Luhanska, and Zaporizka oblasts with forced displacement should they not accept Russian citizenship within 90 days of 10 September 2025. Added threats include property loss, exposure to winter conditions, family separation, and being stranded on the Russian border for an indefinite period of time. Russian authorities already employ coercive passportisation measures, such as restricting access to healthcare, employment, pensions, and education. (HRW 25/03/2025, Zmina 03/07/2023, AJ 23/07/2025)

14 July 2025

In June 2025, the monthly injury toll (over 1,340 people) in Ukraine reached its highest in the last three years. Russian long-range and short-range drone attacks constitute a significant cause of civilian casualties. During a one-week period in early July, Russian forces launched two consecutive countrywide attacks, with a record-breaking number of drones used (over 500 and 700 drones, respectively). The increased scale and frequency of Russian air attacks in 2025 represent a significant protection risk for civilians. (OHCHR 10/07/2025, ISW 09/07/2025, ISW 04/07/2025)

28 May 2025

Russian forces launched extensive aerial attacks across Ukraine from 23–26 May 2025, including a record 367 drones and missiles on the night of 24 May. The strikes killed at least 12 civilians, injured 70, and damaged both critical and civilian infrastructure. If Ukrainian air defences struggle to keep up with the frequency and intensity of such aerial attacks in the future, threats to civilian safety across Ukraine are likely to increase. (Air Force Command of UA Armed Forces Facebook accessed 28/05/2025, The Economist 25/05/2025, NV 25/05/2025)

15 April 2025

By 9 April 2025, civilian infrastructure damage in Kryvorizkyi raion (Dnipropetrovska oblast) was 40% higher within the year at 98 counts compared to the entire 2024 (70). Most of the damage is to industrial or business facilities, likely affecting the local economy. This increase comes as Russian forces have increased ground conflict intensity in western parts of Zaporizka oblast. (ACAPS accessed 14/04/2025, ISW 09/04/2025, ACLED accessed 08/04/2025)

15 April 2025

In April 2025, two Russian ballistic missile attacks on Kryvyi Rih and Sumy cities caused at least 54 civilian deaths and around 192 injuries. For April–May, as US-led peace talks continue, the risk of attacks resulting in mass civilian casualties remains high. Casualties in March 2025 were 50% higher than in February 2025. (Kyiv Independent 13/04/2025, Kyiv Independent 15/04/2025, OHCHR 09/04/2025)

02 April 2025

On 25 March 2025, the US reached an agreement with Ukraine and Russia on a temporary pause in attacks on energy infrastructure, although the details remain unclear. Despite the agreement, Russian forces have continued attacking Ukrainian energy infrastructure, causing localised electricity disruptions. One such attack on 27 March on Kharkiv temporarily left people without heating, while on 1 April, an attack on Kherson city left 45,000 civilians without electricity. (LB 31/03/2025, ISW 01/04/2025, Slovo i Dilo 02/04/2025)

31 March 2025

During the first two months of 2025, intensified hostilities along the frontline led to the displacement of over 20,000 people to safer areas away from the frontline. Out of the 20,000 IDPs, 9,800 were from Donetska oblast and 4,450 from Khersonska. ([OCHA 27/03/2025(https://reliefweb.int/report/ukraine/ukraine-humanitarian-situation-snapshot-january-february-2025-enuk))