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Country analysis

India

Jammu and Kashmir has been a territory of the Indian-administered Kashmir region since 1947. In August 2019, the Indian Government revoked Articles 370 and 35A, which had previously granted Jammu and Kashmir special autonomous status. The Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act of 2019 downgraded Jammu and Kashmir from state to union territory, officially placing it entirely under the jurisdiction of the central Government.

There is limited information regarding the humanitarian situation in Indian-administered Kashmir. Reports indicate that human rights violations by both militants and Indian security forces are common. Intensified restrictions on dissenting voices persist through the frequent imposition of counterterrorism and public safety laws. The forced closure of businesses, schools, and markets often disrupt people’s access to livelihoods and education. Communication disruptions and movement restrictions also affect healthcare access.

India is exposed to many natural hazards. Since 2022, the country has been experiencing severe weather events, with an increasing number of floods and landslides, periods of drought, cold waves, cyclones, and storms. These events affect the country’s economy, namely those that concern agricultural production, as well as people’s livelihoods and food security, especially for the socioeconomically vulnerable.

ACLED 02/02/2021, HRW 02/08/2022, The New Humanitarian 06/01/2020, The New Humanitarian 19/09/2019, CT 10/2022)

Jammu and Kashmir has been a territory of the Indian-administered Kashmir region since 1947. In August 2019, the Indian Government revoked Articles 370 and 35A, which had previously granted Jammu and Kashmir special autonomous status. The Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act of 2019 downgraded Jammu and Kashmir from state to union territory, officially placing it entirely under the jurisdiction of the central Government.

There is limited information regarding the humanitarian situation in Indian-administered Kashmir. Reports indicate that human rights violations by both militants and Indian security forces are common. Intensified restrictions on dissenting voices persist through the frequent imposition of counterterrorism and public safety laws. The forced closure of businesses, schools, and markets often disrupt people’s access to livelihoods and education. Communication disruptions and movement restrictions also affect healthcare access.

India is exposed to many natural hazards. Since 2022, the country has been experiencing severe weather events, with an increasing number of floods and landslides, periods of drought, cold waves, cyclones, and storms. These events affect the country’s economy, namely those that concern agricultural production, as well as people’s livelihoods and food security, especially for the socioeconomically vulnerable.

ACLED 02/02/2021, HRW 02/08/2022, The New Humanitarian 06/01/2020, The New Humanitarian 19/09/2019, CT 10/2022)

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current crises
in India

These crises have been identified through the INFORM Severity Index, a tool for measuring and comparing the severity of humanitarian crises globally.

Read more about the Index

IND002 - Kashmir conflict

Last updated 30/08/2023

Drivers

Socio-political

Crisis level

Country

Severity level

Access constraints

2.0

REG003 - Regional Kashmir conflict

Last updated 30/08/2023

Drivers


Crisis level

Regional

Severity level

Access constraints

3.0

Analysis products
on India

India: Myanmar refugees

28 July 2023

India: Myanmar refugees

DOCUMENT / PDF / 859 KB

The political turmoil and violence in Myanmar following the February 2021 military coup have led to a significant influx of refugees from Myanmar seeking safety and shelter in northeastern India. The displaced people from Myanmar include ‘stateless’ Rohingya refugees and Myanmar nationals, mainly from Chin and Sagaing states. 

Mixed migration
India: conflict in Manipur state

18 May 2023

India: conflict in Manipur state

DOCUMENT / PDF / 376 KB

On 3 May 2023, the Kuki tribal group held an organised protest march in the northeastern Indian state of Manipur against the majority Meitei community being recognised as a Scheduled Tribe. The march resulted in violent clashes with the Meitei non-tribal group. Various sources indicate that an estimated 30,000–45,000 people have been forced to flee. 

Conflict and violence

Attached resources

AudioLISTEN TO THE REPORT
India: floods in Odisha state

31 August 2022

India: floods in Odisha state

DOCUMENT / PDF / 472 KB

Heavy monsoon rains in mid and late August 2022 in Odisha state have led to overflowing rivers and landslides that have affected over 950,000 people in Odisha, and around 170,000 people were temporarily residing in around 440 relief centres. 

Natual hazards
India: Cyclone Yaas

03 June 2021

India: Cyclone Yaas

DOCUMENT / PDF / 290 KB

On 25 May, a severe cyclonic storm over the west-central Bay of Bengal moved northwestwards and intensified into a very severe cyclonic storm. The storm affected around 10 million people in West Bengal and 1.7 million people in Odisha. Over 2.2 million people were evacuated to relief camps in both states.

Natual hazards
India: Heatwaves in Maharashtra State

20 May 2021

India: Heatwaves in Maharashtra State

DOCUMENT / PDF / 228 KB

Between March–May 2021, above-normal temperatures are expected in most subdivisions in north, northwest, and northeast India. Over 20 million people in Maharashtra State live in densely populated informal constructions. These people are more vulnerable to heatwaves and heat-related illnesses, as the materials used in building construction increase their exposure to heat.

Natual hazards
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