This report outlines the key humanitarian crises expected to affect Pakistan in the next six months of 2025. It is intended to support humanitarian planning and anticipatory action by providing an analytical overview of the the current situation, as well as potential risks having a humanitarian impact.

This report provides an overview of how the crisis has evolved over the past 45 days since the Pahalgam attack in India-administered Kashmir on 22 April 2025. It is meant to highlight priority needs and humanitarian response constraints in both Indian-administered and Pakistan-administered Kashmir as a result of the escalating conflict between the two nations.

In 2024, Pakistan has experienced an exceptionally intense monsoon season (typically from July–September), leading to extensive damage and casualties.  In some parts of the country, rainfall levels have reached up to 318% above normal. 

On 3 October 2023, Pakistani authorities announced that all foreigners in the country without valid documents would be forced to leave by 1 November or face arrest and deportation.

Since June 2022, heavy monsoon rainfall has led to an unprecedented crisis in Pakistan, causing floods, flash floods, and landslides. The disaster has significantly affected southern and central Pakistan, mostly affecting Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and Sindh provinces . 

Since 14 June, Pakistan has been experiencing an abnormal monsoon rainfall season, close to three times more intense than the past 30-year average. As at 29 August, the floods had killed more than 1,000 people, injured 1,600, and affected more than 33 million (equivalent to nearly 15% of the total population).

Heavy rainfall, heavy snowfall, and sub-zero temperatures hit Balochistan province between 4–10 January, causing flash floods and landslides. The floods affected over 17,300 people in 41 villages within the Gwadar district and damaged or destroyed more than 500 houses.

Many rural areas of Sindh are currently experiencing daily highs above 40°C, which are forecast to continue until early May. Heatwaves in the past have caused considerable health impacts including dehydration, sunburn, and heatstroke. Impacts on WASH lead to additional health risks such as waterborne diseases.