This report  highlights developments in the conflict in Papua in 2024, which indicate worsening humanitarian needs among affected communities. The report emphasises significant humanitarian access constraints and response gaps and examines the outlook in the coming months.

On 21 November 2022, an earthquake measuring 5.6 on the Ritcher scale occurred at a depth of 10km in the West Java province of Indonesia. The earthquake has damaged at least 56,300 houses and has displaced around 61,000 people. At least 58,000 people are living in shelters.

Between 31 December 2019 and 1 January 2020, the Northeast monsoon brought rainfall to Indonesia leading to heavy flooding across the Greater Jakarta area.14,000 people were reportedly displaced on the 8 January, down from previous days' estimates. The displaced are spread across 60 emergency shelters. 

Several earthquakes struck Central Sulawesi province from 28–29 September. Land liquefaction caused by the earthquake also had serious humanitarian consequences as the fate of two villages with approximately 5,000 residents remains uncertain. At least 74,000 people have been displaced and 2,010 people have died, and these numbers continue to rise. At least 616,000 people have been affected.

Several earthquakes struck Central Sulawesi province from 28–29 September. The strongest earthquake had a magnitude of 7.5 and triggered a tsunami that hit land at a speed of 800 kph with waves of up to 6m. Around 42,000 people have been displaced and 1,200 people killed, with these numbers expected to continue rising rapidly. At least, 300,000 people were exposed to category 5-8 shaking, while up to 1.5 million people who live in the area may be affected.

On 5 August, a 7.0 magnitude earthquake struck the island of Lombok in Indonesia, with its epicentre located inland in North Lombok. The area had already been impacted by a 6.4 magnitude earthquake on 29 July. On 9 August, the island was again hit by a 6.2 magnitude earthquake, creating panic among the population and further hindering the rescue efforts. 

Keterlambatan mulainya musim hujan disebabkan oleh El Nino. Curah hujan yang berkurang ini menunda penanaman padi musim panen pertama. Diperkirakan 3 juta orang Indonesia hidup di bawah garis kemiskinan di daerahdaerah yang terkena dampak kekeringan antara bulan Oktober dan Desember 2016, 1,2 juta di antaranya bergantung pada curah hujan untuk produksi pangan dan mata pencaharian. 

Late onset of the monsoon season caused by El Niño resulted in a late onset of the monsoon season. This reduced rainfall delayed rice planting of the first season harvest. An estimated 3 million Indonesians live below the poverty line in areas that were severely impacted by drought between October and December 20161, 1.2 million of whom are reliant on rainfall for their food production and livelihoods.