• Crisis Severity ?
    3.4
    0 Very low
    Very high 5
  • Impact ?
    4.3
    0 Very low
    Very high 5
  • Humanitarian Conditions ?
    3.1
    0 Very low
    Very high 5
  • Complexity ?
    3.2
    0 Very low
    Very high 5
  • Access Constraints ?
    2.0
    No constraints
    Extreme constraints
See all indicators

Key figures

  • 7,657,000 People displaced [?]

Special Reports

02/05/2023

Special Reports

02/05/2023

Special Reports

14/03/2023

Special Reports

20/02/2023

Special Reports

17/02/2023

Special Reports

13/02/2023

Overview

04/07/2022

Türkiye currently hosts the largest number of refugees and asylum seekers in the world – about four million people. The majority of registered refugees in Türkiye are Syrians who have been fleeing their country since the beginning of conflict in 2011. Over 3,700,000 registered Syrian refugees are present in Turkey, including around 51,000 living in seven camps. The rest live in host communities. ? Turkey also hosted over 29,000 refugees and asylum seekers mainly from Afghanistan, Iran, and Iraq as at January 2022. There were over 1,320,000 foreign nationals with residency permits as at January 2022.? Registered refugees have access to basic services such as healthcare, education, social services, and employment, but it is not easy for them to access formal employment, which leads them to move within Türkiye in search of job opportunities.? 

Turkey’s economy is considered strong despite the deterioration of the lira, which lost about half of its value in the last two years against the US dollar. This deterioration affects the socioeconomic situation of refugees in terms of increasing debt levels and limited purchasing power, which leads to decreasing food consumption and/or frequent adoption of negative coping strategies.? 

There has been an escalation of violence between government forces and the Kurdistan Workers’ Party since 2015, creating further humanitarian concerns in southeast Türkiye. Up to 1.1 million people may have been internally displaced as a result of conflict, with no information available on whether they are still displaced. Humanitarian access is highly constrained in the areas most affected by violence, which makes the delivery of assistance more difficult and contributes to large information gaps about humanitarian needs.?

Latest Developments

22/03/2023

On 15 March 2023, the cities of Adiyaman and Sanliurfa in southeast Türkiye were affected by flash floods. The areas involved were already damaged by the earthquakes of 6 and 20 February 2023. The floods destroyed roads and swept cars. Some of the containers housing people displaced by the earthquakes were flooded. ?

Humanitarian Access

19/12/2022

Moderate CONSTRAINTS

Türkiye faced moderate humanitarian access constraints in the past six months, scoring 2/5 in ACAPS’ Humanitarian Access Index. The humanitarian access situation has improved from the last assessment because the reports of voluntary returns of Syrian refugees to unsafe places did not go along with a denial of humanitarian entitlement to assistance in the past six months.

For more information, you can consult our latest Global Humanitarian Access Overview – December 2022.

Risk

Involuntary mass returns of Syrians refugees from Türkiye results in displacement, increased protection needs and deterioration in the humanitarian situation in Northwest Syria Latest update: 29/03/2023

Probability

Highly unlikely Somewhat likely Highly likely

Impact

Very low Moderate Major